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Dharmic heritage · sourced, not flattened

A living timeline of dharmic history.

Historical Traditional Contested
700 BCE – 300 CETraditionalScripture

The Rāmāyaṇa of Vālmīki

The itihāsa of Rāma. Tradition sets its events in the Tretā Yuga, an age mythically far earlier; the Sanskrit text itself was composed and layered over many centuries (roughly 7th century BCE onward). Its position here reflects the text, not a claimed historical event date.

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5436 years

Dharmic heritage · sourced, not flattened

A living timeline of dharmic history.

Browse the tradition by era. Every date is marked historical, traditional or contested, with its source alongside it.

HistoricalTraditionalContested
Indus–Sarasvatic. 3300–1300 BCE · 1 moments
3300 BCE – 1300 BCEHistoricalEvents

The Indus–Sarasvati (Harappan) civilisation

One of the world's earliest urban cultures, with planned cities such as Harappa and Mohenjo-daro, standardised weights, and ritual bathing structures. Its script is still undeciphered, and the identification of some sites with the Vedic Sarasvatī river remains debated.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · Archaeological Survey of India

Vedic agec. 1500–500 BCE · 2 moments
1500 BCE – 1200 BCEContestedScripture

Composition of the Ṛgveda

The oldest of the four Vedas, preserved orally with extraordinary fidelity. Academic dating places its core hymns around 1500–1200 BCE; tradition regards the Vedas as apauruṣeya (authorless, eternal), so any single 'date' is a scholarly estimate, not a settled fact.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · Encyclopaedia Britannica: Veda

800 BCE – 500 BCEContestedScripture

The early Upaniṣads

The philosophical culmination of the Vedic corpus — the Bṛhadāraṇyaka and Chāndogya among the oldest — turning from ritual to questions of ātman and brahman. Composition dates are estimated ranges, not fixed points.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

Itihāsa (epics)compiled c. 700 BCE–400 CE · 2 moments
700 BCE – 300 CETraditionalScripture

The Rāmāyaṇa of Vālmīki

The itihāsa of Rāma. Tradition sets its events in the Tretā Yuga, an age mythically far earlier; the Sanskrit text itself was composed and layered over many centuries (roughly 7th century BCE onward). Its position here reflects the text, not a claimed historical event date.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

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400 BCE – 400 CETraditionalScripture

The Mahābhārata & the Bhagavad Gītā

The vast itihāsa of the Kuru war, containing the Bhagavad Gītā. Tradition places Kurukṣetra at the cusp of the Dvāpara and Kali Yugas; the text grew over roughly eight centuries. We show it by its compilation window and mark the yuga setting as traditional.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

Mahājanapadac. 600–300 BCE · 2 moments
560 BCE – 480 BCEContestedEvents

The śramaṇa age — Buddha & Mahāvīra

The lifetimes of Gautama Buddha and Mahāvīra reshaped the religious landscape the temple traditions grew alongside. Their exact dates are debated — the Buddha's death is variously placed c. 483 or nearer 400 BCE.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · en.wikipedia.org

500 BCE – 350 BCEContestedScripture

Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī

A grammar of Sanskrit of such rigour it is still studied as a formal system. Pāṇini is usually placed in the 5th–4th century BCE, though the precise dating is uncertain.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

Maurya–Guptac. 322 BCE–550 CE · 4 moments
322 BCE – 185 BCEHistoricalKingdoms

The Mauryan Empire & Aśoka

India's first great pan-Indian empire. Aśoka (r. c. 268–232 BCE) left dated rock and pillar edicts — among the earliest firmly historical records of Indian religious and moral policy.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · en.wikipedia.org

300 CE – 1000 CEContestedScripture

Compilation of the major Purāṇas

The Purāṇas — encyclopaedic works of myth, cosmology, genealogy and temple lore — were compiled and revised across many centuries, so their dating is a broad range rather than a single year.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

320 CE – 550 CEHistoricalKingdoms

The Gupta Empire

A period of consolidation in art, mathematics and Sanskrit letters. Under the Guptas the first free-standing stone Hindu temples appear, setting the template later dynasties would elaborate.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

500 CEHistoricalTemples

Dashāvatāra Temple, Deogarh

One of the earliest surviving stone Hindu temples, its carved panels of Viṣṇu marking the transition from rock-cut shrines to built structural temples in the Gupta era.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · Archaeological Survey of India

Temple agec. 550–1200 CE · 5 moments
700 CE – 728 CEHistoricalTemples

Shore Temple, Māmallapuram

Pallava rock-cut and structural monuments by the sea, built under Narasiṃhavarman II. A UNESCO World Heritage group and an early masterpiece of Dravidian architecture.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · UNESCO World Heritage List: Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram

700 CE – 750 CEContestedSaints

Ādi Śaṅkarācārya & the four maṭhas

The Advaita philosopher who systematised non-dualism and, by tradition, founded four cardinal maṭhas. The widely-followed traditional dates are 788–820 CE, but scholars dispute them, with several placing him earlier — so the dating is genuinely contested.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

757 CE – 783 CEHistoricalTemples

Kailāsa Temple, Ellora

A single temple carved top-down from one basalt cliff under the Rāṣṭrakūṭa king Kṛṣṇa I — one of the largest monolithic excavations on earth. Part of the UNESCO Ellora Caves.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · UNESCO World Heritage List: Ellora Caves

950 CE – 1050 CEHistoricalTemples

The Khajuraho temples

The Chandela dynasty's Nāgara-style temples in Madhya Pradesh, renowned for their sculpture. A UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · UNESCO World Heritage List: Khajuraho Group of Monuments

1003 CE – 1010 CEHistoricalTemples

Bṛhadīśvara Temple, Thanjavur

Rājarāja Chola I's granite masterpiece, its towering vimāna a peak of Chola engineering. Part of the UNESCO 'Great Living Chola Temples' and still in worship.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · UNESCO World Heritage List: Great Living Chola Temples

Bhakti & ācāryasc. 600–1400 CE · 5 moments
600 CE – 900 CEContestedSaints

The Āḻvārs & Nāyanārs

Tamil poet-saints devoted to Viṣṇu (Āḻvārs) and Śiva (Nāyanārs) whose hymns turned devotion (bhakti) into a mass movement centred on temple worship. Individual dates are approximate.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · en.wikipedia.org

1017 CE – 1137 CETraditionalSaints

Rāmānuja

The ācārya of Viśiṣṭādvaita ('qualified non-dualism') and reformer of Śrīvaiṣṇava temple practice. The traditional 120-year lifespan (1017–1137) is a devotional account; he is a firmly historical figure whose exact dates are held by tradition.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

1150 CEHistoricalTemples

Jagannātha Temple, Puri

The great Kaliṅga-style temple of Jagannātha, largely built under the Eastern Ganga king Anantavarman Chodaganga in the 12th century — home of the annual Ratha Yātrā.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

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1238 CE – 1317 CEHistoricalSaints

Madhvācārya

Founder of the Dvaita (dualist) school, which upholds an eternal distinction between the soul and God, and a major influence on Vaiṣṇava temple theology in Karnataka.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

1250 CEHistoricalTemples

Konārk Sun Temple

Narasiṃhadeva I's temple to Sūrya, conceived as the sun-god's chariot with carved stone wheels. A UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · UNESCO World Heritage List: Sun Temple, Konârak

Medievalc. 1300–1700 CE · 4 moments
1336 CE – 1646 CEHistoricalKingdoms

Vijayanagara Empire & Hampi

A southern empire that became a great patron of temples; its capital Hampi, with the living Virūpākṣa temple, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site of ruins and shrines.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · UNESCO World Heritage List: Group of Monuments at Hampi

1486 CE – 1534 CEHistoricalSaints

Caitanya Mahāprabhu

The Bengali saint who spread ecstatic saṅkīrtana (congregational chanting of the divine names) and inspired the Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇava tradition.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

1574 CEHistoricalScripture

Tulsīdās composes the Rāmcaritmānas

The Awadhi retelling of Rāma's story that became the most beloved devotional text of North India, begun (by its own colophon) in 1574 CE.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org · en.wikipedia.org

1600 CE – 1655 CEHistoricalTemples

Mīnākṣī Temple rebuilt, Madurai

An ancient site whose vast gopura-crowned complex was largely rebuilt and expanded under the Nāyaka rulers, notably Tirumala Nāyaka — a defining image of Dravidian temple towns.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

Colonial & reformc. 1800–1947 CE · 4 moments
1024 CE – 1951 CEHistoricalTemples

Somnāth — destroyed and rebuilt across a millennium

Sacked most famously by Maḥmūd of Ghaznī in 1024 and rebuilt repeatedly, Somnāth became a symbol of resilience; its modern reconstruction was completed in 1951.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

1828 CEHistoricalSaints

Rājā Rām Mohan Roy & the Brahmo Samāj

A reform movement founded in Calcutta that argued for monotheism and social reform, opening the 'Bengal Renaissance' and a century of Hindu self-examination.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

1875 CEHistoricalSaints

Dayānanda Sarasvatī founds the Ārya Samāj

A reform movement calling for a return to the Vedas and against ritual excess, with lasting influence on education and Hindu identity in North India.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

1893 CEHistoricalSaints

Vivekānanda at the Parliament of Religions

Swāmī Vivekānanda's Chicago address introduced Vedānta to a global audience; he founded the Ramakrishna Mission in 1897, reframing service as worship.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

Modern1947 CE – today · 3 moments
1951 CEHistoricalEvents

Somnāth reconstruction inaugurated

The rebuilt Somnāth temple was consecrated in 1951, a landmark in newly-independent India's relationship with its temple heritage.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

2005 CEHistoricalTemples

Swāmīnārāyaṇ Akṣardhām, Delhi

A large modern temple complex opened in 2005, showing that monumental temple-building in traditional idioms continues into the present.

Sources: en.wikipedia.org

2020 CE – 2028 CEHistoricalEvents

The digital-devotion era

Temples move online — live darshan, seva booking and panchang in every pocket. BookMyMandir's aim is to reach this moment without extracting from it: to uplift every temple and make every devotee a VIP by 2028, at no cost to the temple's offerings.

Sources: BookMyMandir — docs/VISION.md (first-party mission, not an external claim)

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